Lesson 3: Basic German Vocabulary and Phrases

Lesson 3: Basic German Vocabulary and Phrases

Greetings and Polite Expressions:

1. Guten Tag! – Good day!
2. Hallo! – Hello!
3. Wie geht es Ihnen? – How are you? (formal)
4. Wie geht’s? – How are you? (informal)
5. Mir geht es gut, danke. Und Ihnen? – I’m fine, thank you. And you? (formal)
6. Mir geht’s gut, danke. Und dir? – I’m fine, thank you. And you? (informal)
7. Auf Wiedersehen! – Goodbye!
8. Tschüss! – Bye! (informal)

Introducing Yourself:

1. Ich heiße [Your Name]. – My name is [Your Name].
2. Ich komme aus [Your Country]. – I am from [Your Country].
3. Ich spreche ein wenig Deutsch. – I speak a little German.

Common Expressions:

1. Ja – Yes
2. Nein – No
3. Vielleicht – Maybe
4. Bitte – Please
5. Danke – Thank you
6. Entschuldigung – Excuse me / I’m sorry
7. Kein Problem – No problem
8. Es tut mir leid – I’m sorry
9. Wie bitte? – Pardon? / Could you repeat that?
10. Keine Ahnung – I have no idea

Numbers:

1. null – zero
2. eins – one
3. zwei – two
4. drei – three
5. vier – four
6. fünf – five
7. sechs – six
8. sieben – seven
9. acht – eight
10. neun – nine
11. zehn – ten

Days of the Week:

1. Montag – Monday
2. Dienstag – Tuesday
3. Mittwoch – Wednesday
4. Donnerstag – Thursday
5. Freitag – Friday
6. Samstag – Saturday
7. Sonntag – Sunday

Months of the Year:

1. Januar – January
2. Februar – February
3. März – March
4. April – April
5. Mai – May
6. Juni – June
7. Juli – July
8. August – August
9. September – September
10. Oktober – October
11. November – November
12. Dezember – December

Basic Questions:

1. Woher kommen Sie? – Where are you from? (formal)
2. Woher kommst du? – Where are you from? (informal)
3. Wie alt sind Sie? – How old are you? (formal)
4. Wie alt bist du? – How old are you? (informal)
5. Was ist das? – What is that?
6. Wie spät ist es? – What time is it?

Common Verbs:

1. gehen – to go
2. kommen – to come
3. haben – to have
4. sein – to be
5. machen – to do / to make
6. sprechen – to speak
7. lernen – to learn
8. verstehen – to understand
9. essen – to eat
10. trinken – to drink

Basic Objects and Places:

1. das Haus – house
2. das Auto – car
3. die Schule – school
4. das Buch – book
5. der Tisch – table
6. der Stuhl – chair
7. das Essen – food
8. das Wasser – water
9. das Brot – bread
10. der Apfel – apple
11. der Kaffee – coffee

Practice Phrases:

• Ich gehe zur Schule. – I go to school.
• Wir essen Brot. – We eat bread.
• Sie trinken Wasser. – They drink water.
• Er liest ein Buch. – He reads a book.
• Sie sprechen Deutsch. – They speak German.

Exercises:

1. Translate the following phrases into German:

– “I am from Canada.”
– “He has a car.”
– “We speak English.”
– “She is twelve years old.”
– “They drink coffee.”

1. Practice introducing yourself in German with a friend or family member.

2. Make simple sentences using the vocabulary and phrases learned in this lesson.

Conclusion:

In this lesson, you have learned basic German vocabulary, greetings, expressions, numbers, days of the week, months of the year, common verbs, and simple sentences. Practice these regularly to strengthen your understanding and fluency in German. Stay tuned for more lessons to continue your language learning journey!